Political Geography and Sovereignty of Palestine

There are eight criteria accepted by the international community used to determine whether an entity is an independent country or not. A country need only fail on one of the eight criteria to not meet the definition of independent country status. Palestine (and I shall consider either or both the Gaza Strip and the West Bank in this analysis) does not meet all eight criteria to be a country; it fails somewhat on one of the eight criteria. Does Palestine Meet the 8 Criteria to Be a Country? 1. Has space or territory that has internationally recognized boundaries (boundary disputes are OK). Somewhat. Both the Gaza Strip and the West Bank have internationally recognized boundaries. However, these boundaries are not legally fixed. 2. Has people who live there on an ongoing basis. Yes, the Gaza Strips population is 1,710,257 and the population of the West Bank is 2,622,544 (as of mid-2012). 3. Has economic activity and an organized economy. A country regulates foreign and domestic trade and issues money. Somewhat. The economies of both the Gaza Strip and the West Bank are disrupted by conflict, especially in Hamas-controlled Gaza only limited industry and economic activity is possible. Both regions have exports of agricultural products and the West Bank exports stone. Both entities utilize the new Israeli shekel as their currency. 4. Has the power of social engineering, such as education. Somewhat. The Palestinian Authority does have social engineering power in fields such as education and healthcare. Hamas in Gaza also provides social services. 5. Has a transportation system for moving goods and people. Yes; both entities have roads and other transportation systems. 6. Has a government that provides public services and police or military power. Somewhat. While the Palestinian Authority is permitted to provide local law enforcement, Palestine does not have its own military. Nonetheless, as can be seen in the latest conflict, Hamas in Gaza does have control of an extensive militia. 7. Has sovereignty. No other State should have power over the countrys territory. Somewhat. The West Bank and Gaza Strip do not yet have full sovereignty and control over their own territory. 8. Has external recognition. A country has been voted into the club by other countries. No. Despite the super-majority of United Nations members approving United Nations General Assembly resolution 67/19 on November 29, 2012, giving Palestine non-member state observer status, Palestine is not yet eligible to join the United Nations as an independent country. While dozens of countries recognize Palestine as independent, it has not yet attained full independent status, despite the UN resolution. If the UN resolution had allowed Palestine to join the United Nations as a full member state, it would have immediately been recognized as an independent country. Thus, Palestine (nor the Gaza Strip nor the West Bank) is not yet an independent country. The two parts of Palestine are entities that, in the eyes of the international community, have yet to obtain full have international recognition.

The Determinants Of Successful Influence On The Success Of...

I. Introduction Arms transfers are one of the foreign policy tools that are used to make a recipient comply with donor’s desires. Although the primary goal of such manipulations is to change a recipient’s behavior, not every attempt to do so ends up with success. Thus, defining the determinants of successful influence is one of this research strand’s central puzzles. Despite the fact that both international relations (Sislin 1994) and comparative politics scholars (Paul 1992; Tal 2006; Wheelock 1978) look at conditions under which arms influence attempts succeed, there was surprisingly little attention paid to the role of transferred weapons’ type. Hence, in my research I investigate the effect of delivered weapons’ type on the success of arms influence attempt. II. Previous research on political leverage of arms Two types of influence models can be distinguished within the scholarly literature on political influence of arms. In the first model the deployment of weapons is used as a threat to make an adversary comply with the desires of weapons possessor (Schelling 1967). Under this setting the engagement of states in diplomatic relations prior to political crisis which requires such actions from the weapons’ possessor is not a necessary condition. In this context arms capability to hurt is turned into the bargaining power, and advantage is gained by playing on an adversary’s instinct to survive and avoid pain (Schelling 1967, 2–6). In the second model not arms per se,Show MoreRelatedThe Streets Of The New York Stock Exchange1236 Words   |  5 Pagesthe 1% leaving negative influence on the 99%. 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This article examines how certain characteristics of a mediator, that is, a mediator’s information about the disputants and a mediator’s bias toward them, affect the success of mediation of international conï ¬â€šicts. By drawing a conceptualRead MoreOperations and Human Resource Management: Working Together for a Better Tomorrow2215 Words   |  9 Pagesstrategic planning of organizations, and has struggled to justify their bottom line contribution to the overall organizational performance (Akdere, 2006). It is easy for departments like operations and engineering to quantify their contribution to the success of the company; the inputs and outputs generated by these departments are easily measureable and can be defined. However, it is difficult to quantify the value added by human resource management, and as such it is often referred to as overhead (whichRead More Genetic Identification of Major Psychiatric Disorders Essay2536 Words   |  11 Pagesdisorder and schizophrenia, are managed by psychotherapy and counseling. However, by placing mental disorder treatment in the sphere of medicine, pres criptions of antipsychotics, antidepressants, and psychostimulants have increased usage with varying success. Antipsychotics are widely prescribed to schizophrenic patients, yet little evidence of consistent benefits is supported beyond two or three years. Antipsychotic medications fail significantly in treating schizophrenia and often result in patientRead MoreStructuralist and Intentionalist approaches to Nazi Germany2254 Words   |  10 Pagesof the actions the Nazi government took in response to events as they happened while in power, and also through Hitlers own ideology expressed in his writings such as Mein Kempf. This synthesis of ideology and social structure in Germany as the determinants of foreign policy therefore can be most appropriately approached by attributing Nazi foreign policy to a combination as both intentionalist and structuralist aims. Nazi foreign policy radicalized with their successes and was affected by Hitler

Political Extremism and the Internet Free Essays

Being able to reach voters n such a wide scale has had an astounding effect on politics in this country. The internet has allowed political extremism to flourish in the past decade. Those on the left side of the ideological spectrum as well as those on the right are able to access sites that share similar views, while simultaneously having the ability to block out opposing views. We will write a custom essay sample on Political Extremism and the Internet or any similar topic only for you Order Now The impact that this has on the outcome of elections is something that simply cannot be ignored. The web is now one of the most effective tools in campaign arsenals. Those who do not use the internet for political reasons have also tarted to realize the ramifications that the internet can have on political extremism as well as politics in general. The increase in overall internet usage is leading to a rise in political extremism and is having a profound effect on the political discourse in America. Voters tend to have somewhat conflicting views on the use of the internet for political purposes. Most believe that the internet has the ability to present several different views on a particular issue, yet others believe it is hard to sort through all of the different sources (Smith). Some see it as a hindrance to the olitical process because of the way that inaccurate information seems to circulate freely (Smith). However, most people would agree that it is up to each individual reader to make the determination as to what qualifies as an accurate and reliable source. Fifty-six percent of all adult internet users say that they have difficulty determining which political stories are true and which ones are false (Smith). However, many users also find it convenient to connect with those that share similar political views (Smith). Left wing media outlets maintain a strong presence on the World Wide Web. Such sites tend to report both major and minor news stories with a left-leaning bias. This allows readers of these particular sites to only see one certain viewpoint on a story. The Huffington Post is one of the most popular liberal news outlets. It is run by Arianna Huffington who is the former wife of a republican congressman; she switched her political beliefs in the late 1990s (Huffington). The Huffington Post was recently purchased by AOL in 2011 for over three hundred million dollars (Huffington). The sale has not slowed the site though, as it remains as popular as ever. The Huffington Post covers a vast array of topics ranging from politics to comedy (Huffington). While there have been some attempts to produce a conservative website in the same style as The Huffington post, these efforts have not seen the same success as the Huffington t (Top 1 ) It maintains a large readership due to this wide variety that users have access to. However, political topics tend to dominate the front page, and are thereby seen by additional traffic from those Just using the site for entertainment purposes (Huffington). The way in which the Huffington Post displays its content creates a user-friendly environment hat keeps readers interested. Its use of catchy, and oftentimes misleading, headlines allows readers to skim the front page of the website and get an over view of the leading stories of the day. However, the most serious issue with sites like the Huffington Post is their refusal to cover stories that portray liberals in a negative way. This bias was pointed out by Lee Stranahan who is actually employed by the Huffington Post (Stranahan). He was particularly troubled by the way that some stories were simply ignored by several liberal news media (Stranahan). He expressed he belief that this tactic is one that is harmful to nearly all voters, as it only fuels partisanship (Stranahan). It allows ignorance to perpetuate which is detrimental to all parties involved. However, the practice of selective Journalism seems to plague an equal number of both liberals and conservatives. Sites that promote news with a conservative slant tend to be somewhat more prevalent than those that have a more liberal leaning. This can be attributed to the belief held those on the right feel that the mainstream media is promoting a liberal agenda (Stanley). One of the most opular conservative websites is the Drudge Report. The Drudge Report was started by Matt Drudge in the late 1990s and consistently has over thirty million hits daily (Drudge). He has been able to achieve this success with a fairly low-tech website that relies on a religious-like following from his readers. Drudge first gained notoriety when he broke the Monica Lewinsky scandal during the Clinton Administration. He has maintained this success by grabbing viewers’ attention with clever headlines that link to other websites that offer varying political views (Drudge). The Drudge Report is onsidered by many political insiders as the major driver of political news discussions in America as it directs its readers to other news sites (Sullivan). This leads to greater exposure for stories that are linked on Drudge (Stanley). However, it still is seen by many Journalists and political pundits as being biased. How to cite Political Extremism and the Internet, Papers

Anne Hutchinson free essay sample

In 1637, women were considered servants of their husbands, and child bearing creatures of many. There were set rules â€Å"enforced by the Puritans† which stated women should only bear as many children as possible, raise them, take care of their husbands, and then remain quiet. They were seen as â€Å"morally feeble creatures†, who could do no more than â€Å"lead men to damnation if [men were to allow them] to form an opinion or express a [belief]. [1] Anne Hutchinson of the Massachusetts Bay Colony challenged the standard ways of women, however, when she was brought forth at the Court at Newton regarding private meetings in her home which involved discussing God and religion. The trial, written as the Document â€Å"The Examination of Mrs. Anne Hutchinson at the Court at Newton† can be viewed as a piece of the emergence of early feminism, and allows readers to acknowledge the place women were given in the Puritan society. Anne Hutchinson, born Anne Marbury in Alford, Lincolnshire, England July, 1591 was born into a family of a very intelligent man, who she grew to admire and look after. Anne was home-schooled, and became very intrigued by religion and theology at a young age. She read her father’s books, and studied religion as much as possible. She grew up to be a very smart, determined, and sophisticated woman. In 1634, Anne, her husband, and her 15 children followed their protestant minister, John Cotton, to the New England Colonies. Anne knew of their soon departure and hoped that she would be able to practice her â€Å"faith in an environment† that favored â€Å"the new ideas of Puritanism† more than England did. She had even higher hopes that the New England colonies would be a place which would allow her to â€Å"worship God as [she] saw fit. † [2] After arriving to the Massachusetts Bay Colony, and living there for a while, Anne realized that there really wasn’t such a thing as real â€Å"religious freedom†. She wished to talk about God and her beliefs as she pleased but because of the way women were viewed, especially â€Å"educated English women†, she had no right to do such thing. She stayed quiet for the majority of the time, but couldn’t hold still for long. She organized a Women’s Club in her home where she discussed the scriptures, and her own opinions while praying throughout the meetings. More and more women began to come to here her speak, and eventually men began showing up. Everyone wanted to come into her home and here what she had to say. John Winthrop, the newly appointed governor, soon found out about Hutchinson’s doings and therefore called her to court. The document â€Å"The Examination of Mrs. Anne Hutchinson at the Court at Newton (1637)† is her exact trial. Like Hester Prynne in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlett Letter, Anne Hutchinson was simply a woman who stood strongly for her beliefs. Her trial, I believe, has been made public for later generations to read and be reminded of the difficult times women throughout history have been through, and also the difficult times of people who suffered under tyrants. The document has been produced in order to show that Hutchinson was an early feminist, meaning that she devoted her time to standing up for the equal rights of men and women. [3] Women like Anne Hutchinson, the character of Hester Prynne, Jane Adams, and Susan B. Anthony have worked diligently to add characteristics associated with male roles to female roles. This document proves that men thought women to be ignorant when it came to political and religious aspects. Men were scared that women would overpower them, and take their roles in society, so by belittling them and not allowing them to do hardly anything at all, they felt secure that they would continue to lead society, but when Anne Hutchinson challenged the ideas of male roles, and challenged the idea of doing what she pleased, when she pleased, chaos broke loose in the largest colony in the Puritan society. The document relates to many of the females stated before in that they, too, stood up for what they belied in, and suffered for future women. The document is a reminder for readers, especially women, to value the freedom that they are presented with, and to not take for granted the liberty that we have in today’s American society. In the beginning of the document, it is clear that Anne’s only crime was gathering people into her home to speak of religion and God. Winthrop says, â€Å"†¦you have maintained a meeting and an assembly in your house that hath been condemned by the general assembly as a thing not tolerable nor comely in the sight of God nor fitting for your sex,† [4] which allows the reader to understand right off the bat that Winthrop is accusing her of unrightfully holding meetings in her home simply because it is â€Å"not fitting for her sex†. During this time period, men and women did not have equal rights. The document rightly justifies this accusation by presenting the reader with two gender differing characters in the very beginning of the document; two characters whom do not have the same rights and freedoms, who do not believe the same thing, and who do not see â€Å"eye to eye†. The document continues with an argument between Winthrop and Hutchinson regarding whether or not she committed a â€Å"crime†. Hutchinson believes that the crimes being accused of her are â€Å"a matter of conscience†, and therefore doesn’t think she has done anything wrong. Winthrop quickly lets her know that â€Å"[her] conscience must [be kept to herself], or it must be kept for [her]. [5] Hutchinson, along with other women of the puritan society are expected to take care of the husband and children which has been provided to her, and keep quiet, but Hutchinson believes that she should be allowed to â€Å"entertain† since she has to â€Å"keep her conscience†. [6] Winthrop’s main argument is that she broke the 5th commandment of the bible, which states that one should â€Å"honor thy father and thy mother†. He claims that by breaking the law of â€Å"God and of the state†, Hutchinson is not honoring her father or mother. Hutchinson is giving countenance, or support, to the people in which entered her home, and therefore she is not obeying the 5th commandment, since she is teaching and speaking on our own terms. The reader is able to see now that Winthrop is adding â€Å"crimes† to her list, rather than simply leaving it at â€Å"maintain[ing] a meeting and an assembly [in her home]. † Winthrop tells Hutchinson that she had â€Å"counseled them†, and by that she has â€Å"dishonored the commonwealth†, dishonored the â€Å"authority† to already preach or teach to the community. Winthrop and Hutchinson argue throughout the remainder of the next few pages about how women should stick to supporting men, and nothing else, because there are already higher authorities (men) who set up meetings, and she is dishonoring these men by setting up her own meetings in her own private home. Winthrop begins succeeding at replacing her truthfulness with false claims, and turns everything against her. He orders her to admit to doing wrong, even though she believes otherwise. Hutchinson stands up for women across her colony by sticking to her beliefs. She is very presumptuous and tells the Governor that he â€Å"may stop her from her wrong doings if he has a rule. † The diction that Hutchinson has chose allows the reader to understand that she is â€Å"set in stone† on her beliefs and no matter what, she will not change her mind. She continues to address the governor is a confident manner by telling him that â€Å"[she] will freely let [him] take [her] away†, and force her to stop, because â€Å"[she is] subject to [his] authority†. Hutchinson is like any other very strong feminist; she stays strong to her word and stands p for her beliefs. She lets the people of the court know that she does not agree with the fact that people, mostly women, should not be allowed to form their own opinions about religion, including â€Å"the antichrist†, and whom she believes him to be, and then discuss this freely among people who wish to listen to her speak. [7] Winthrop, along with several other authorities, accuse Hutchinson of saying things that she did not say, and then lightly listen to the few three people who support her, before asking the court to raise their hands if they believe she is in the wrong. When all but three people raised their hands, they decided to banish her from the colony, and imprison her until she is able to be sent away. At the very end of the document, Winthrop lets Anne Hutchinson know what the decision is, and she continues to fight by stating that â€Å"[she] desires to know wherefore [she is] banished. † [8] Winthrop ends the trial by clearing stating that it doesn’t matter. â€Å"The court knows wherefore and is satisfied. † Winthrop and the court wanted to prove their power, and not let Hutchinson over step them, and so they did by banishing her, and not even taking into consideration her wishes. The message being conveyed by the trial was that men were superior and women did not have a say. Men and the authorities of the church and state could change everything around on the women, and force them not to speak, and force them to change their story, just so they could get their way. This particular document relates to the document of John Winthrop, â€Å"A Model of Christian Charity† in that both documents focus a lot of attention of Winthrop, the governor, and his beliefs and insights on religion and Christianity. Winthrop seems to realize that he holds a lot of power in both texts, and states a lot of the laws and orders of the community. Winthrop, in â€Å"A Model of Christian Charity† discusses the idea of the Great Chain of Being, him of which being high on the chain. He states the conditions of mankind, being that â€Å"some must be rich, some poore, some high and eminent in power and dignitie; others mean and submissive. † [9] This is similar to the ideas presented in the trial of Anne Hutchinson because he places Hutchinson at the bottom of the Great Chain of Being and does not allow her any say so what-so-ever. Also, in both texts, Winthrop does most of the speaking and â€Å"preaching†, which proves his placement on the totem pole. However, Winthrop focuses on â€Å"bonds of brotherly love†, and â€Å"noe man [being] made more honourable than another or more wealthy [than another]† [10] in the text of Christian Charity which seems to go against what future he placed upon Anne Hutchinson. How can one man not be made more honorable than another if some men can’t practice what they choose, and some can. Hutchinson wasn’t able to give her own opinion of her religion in her own home like Americans can do today. Freedom is taken for granted so often, and the texts allow readers to understand that Americans need to understand their freedoms and respect that there is no greater chain of being unless you want there to be, meaning you place your God above yourself. Other documents closely relate the trial of Anne Hutchinson in that they discuss the life of Puritans, or the life in the Massachusetts Bay Colony and the religion based society that they embraced. The Examination of Mrs. Anne Hutchinson at the Court at Newton has sparked much interest for this time period. The document is almost vital in understanding the roles that men and women played in the Puritan society. Many historians believe that Hutchinson was one of the very first feminists because of her strong acts towards her Antinomian beliefs. According to historian Ben Barker-Benfield, â€Å"Anne Hutchinson represented the emergence of dynamic individual consciousness,† not just for women, but for some men as well. [11] During 1637, it was unheard of for a woman to come forth and express her opinion and beliefs and challenge those of a man, or many men, especially regarding religion. Hutchinson changed this idea, however, even though the court did banish her, feeling as if they still held the reign and the strong power, remaining close to the top of the great chain of being. Lyle Koehler, another historian who studies females in the years of the Antinomian turmoil, states that â€Å"That Anne Hutchinson and many other Puritan women should at stressful times rebel, either by explicit statement or by implicit example, against the role they were expected to fulfill in society is readily understandable, since that role, in both old and New England, was extremely limiting. [12] He continues by describing the average English woman as â€Å"weak, submissive, modest and charitable,† â€Å"inferior to her husband,† and expected to â€Å"hold her tongue in church and be careful not ‘to teach, nor to usurp authority over the man†¦ Hutchinson challenged the roles of the average English woman and was therefore â€Å"punished† for her actions. I believe Hutchinson changed the course of history in that she was able to set the standard for future treatment of women, even though women were still not treated equally to men, even in 1918, when they were finally granted the right to vote. She set the way for Antinomian religion and freedom of religion, in general. In today’s American society, any one person can practice any religion as they please, and speak of whatever God they so choose, or hold meetings of whatever kind in their homes as much as they like, whereas in the Puritan society this was forbidden. Hutchinson paved the road that lead to this ability of freedom, even though â€Å"freedom of speech† had been produced long before. Her attitude toward her society and religion are seen by many as â€Å"charismatic,† because of â€Å"her gift of fluent and inspired speech†. 14]We recognize this behavior today as fighting for what you believe in and standing strong against the antagonists.

Creative Piece Cheating Death Essay Example

Creative Piece Cheating Death Essay Today there was is hope, chance. Beneath the crimsoned, broken pain, insecurities continue to devour the single beating flesh beneath my chest. There it laysthe broken link which withstands the feelings that ache. Withstanding the diminished, breathless air, I fail to understand the absence of being. No longer able to see the hurt in your ardent eyes I feel the want to be with what is lost. Fading into the pasty dark, I have every reason to despise you for letting me go, letting me slip back into unconsciousness.It was thereI remember. I cannot touch it. I used to pass it every day. How could a human forget those sacred words beautifully scrawled across the white paint, in Black-Eternal ink?You are under a curse, for your whole nation has been cheating me. Malachi 3:9Ghosting past this entrance to death, witnessing this beauty asks too many questions. Why does my hand prevent itself from feeling the scratched indents of foretold stories engraved on this Wall?Fear is only in our minds even though it hungers for the naà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ve and shatters every hopeful thought and empties your heart andHere begins the emptiness. I cannot fear more than death. No thoughts allowed, the nature of the mind is restrained to white space. You cannot hide the pure desire for emptiness as the guilty thoughts explore your mind. Wishing to stay awake, for that second longer, I can never reach the switch to rescue life again. A part of me knows, one day, just maybe, one day, I can return to life. Perceiving the world through faded eyes implants the immoral statuses within.Trying to seek the truth beneath your eyes, the breathing flames numb my heart. To see you infected, by this senseless tumour, persisting never to let go. But one day I will be; I thrive to reach beyond all ideology, to end this idiocy; you will, once again, be able to be with me when I return.I found myself glancing to the other side. I had been there, once. Where the unknown normality grows. Loose ends tied in my w orld; I yearn to touch the golden creatures before the emptiness. My perception deceived, you could not cannot see me anymore. The uncontrollable longing to sprint, spreading the clipped wings of time. Go. Run. To where and how? To the past to retrieve the life lost. There was no way out, I had to go back. As they wired my body below I felt surges that helped return, flashing through streams of consciousness, urging, gasping to see you again.Moments controlled the existence of death, inducing life. But in between us was The Wall. What emerges behind The Wall? Clones. Originality. Unfinished, natural life. Controlled, possessive and twisted views, hidden behind the barrier, preventing my return. I cannot look past the glass.Incessantly transgressing that boundary of otherness, there is no true way I can pause my existence much longer, for there is no other reason to stay; it is healthier to live as two, combined, than stand as one, alone. My identity, stolen. The one feature that I c ould call my own was now lost. The disorientation, heightened by the entirely ambiguous ending of life itself. Until. Until what? Until the angel of death evokes the innocence beneath the heavens? Nountil the destiny of life is fulfilled with the seamless understanding of your individual prophecy and rejects any invidious comment that destroys your inner-voice.I cannot find you. The real you, the Truth. Its hiding who you are, deep down there, in that transgression of hope. Through all the lies I desperately seek for the empty teardrops. Deceiving my invidious mind, youre standing there, in front of me. I cannot reach you. So I walked away leaving no-one to hold the mask that causes my exhilaration. Why can you not bring me back? I Am Watching You, Holding My Hand. But They Are Trying To Leave Me Here, On This Side.Grasping your presence helped the restraint of the essence inside me. Walking away did not help beyond the pain, although I left without understanding the true height of tenderness that still manipulates my dreams; dreams in which the pavement shines like silver until reality streaks that true burning nightmare of this strange existence.Nothing deceives me but the lies that you give, the lies that run through the soul of my mind. You dont understand the feelings that you have captured within my every diminishing thought. I want to run further. To release my mind from the burning passion that writhes my veins but the need to stay within a small perimeter of your shadow conjoins me until it is your turn to go, to join me on this side.Honesty lays a lonely word. Rare to be heard, the honesty released the death of images drenched in hate. I cannot distinguish the power beneath the revulsion. There is every reason to crush the pumping vein that injects my corpse with poison. Silent screams repulse my lips, desiring to gasp, to breathe. But what is there reason to? Our shadows no longer stitched, our rose reducing petals. So why is there a constant though t of forgetting everything you are not? Erasing the things you could have been, erasing the tears, scarring my puppeted face. Stringed from rejection, pain and torment puppeteers my broken limbs, the white coats hold me.We were not liars then. I am not a liar now. We both watched the broken yesterday and I longed for tomorrow, together. Always on display, I close my eyes to see past the pain of dark.Today, unable to wake I lay illusive to the shreds of my heart, wounding my expression. It hurts to witness the human echoes, re-lived through the nightmares of my dreams. Bring me past the hurt, the agony of watching the unreachable. Why can you not cross over too?Startled by the dusted gasps of forced air that respond to the crippling need for suffering I believe the shadows that whisper your life and fade mine. What blinds their bright eyes, unseen to the day, with the unthoughtful death of the truth? What reflects mine the envious shade of green? Temptations to end the sickening thou ghts of preventing my life fulfil the emotions of ghostly hauntsUntrue to the world, there are no essential extensions beyond the blank colour of living. NothingnessEmpty. Thus what fact of life presents the immortal eternity of insipid day? The burning wish for the vile expressions to disappear, tortured my thoughts. The containing of these emotions pains the eyes, watching the memories drift by the expressionless seams that reduce the image to shreds. Why does this reckless behaviour pursue beyond the crazed insanities? Why is this episode taking so long, like a deplorable dawn, continuing the revulsion?I cannot seek through this mindless minefield to find the meaning of how I startled you. I have lost you. Through all the unnecessary disputes of hiding this anguish, came the hopelessness. Lost. Damaged by the insufferable healings, the dawn breaks through. Another day, another time. Now will take my life to hold on to the dead ghost you have become. Without the laughing grimaces, there cannot be a strand of a possibility that this will return to ordinariness, unless there is saviour of this democracy.I have fortunately become comfortably numb. Longing for safety, a content, distinguished life creates disturbance since adopting a treacherous, deceived living. There stood a misunderstood portrait glaring, incessantly, back at the shattered reflection illustrating the possessed front diminished by the aching breaths. What I saw, cannot be taken back. What I heard cannot be forgotten. The nauseating pearled eyes scowl at the forgotten side of me. The crystal visionary protected you from my touch. I can see you but I cannot reach you from this side.Here begins a torn moment when I stare at that beautiful, wondering place and see nothinghere begins the fragile moments that scare me the most. Arms outstretched, desperately seeking past the shallow graves to find Someone, Something, Anything. The flames of hesitation smoulder the earth to the hellish nightmare belo wlying here on the floor helps see beyond reality, patiently drowning in regret and hope. From this perspective the sky can be seen, the smoking flamed sky, ruined from the eternal loss of life. Is eternal accurate, or will this transparent life end?Promises abandoned deep from the shrieking cries, everyone leaning on nothing. Left behind the settling dust, lays the small, tight walls, surrounding the echo of quiet sound, the vividly dull poster, strung from one corner, and the light. Bleak and flickering. What thought required me to enter the tortured bricks of crimson? How did my tortured soul end up wishing to live life, if still life, like this dreary spirit?Last hopes suspended, entering the mirrored reflection paved the road to hell, whilst the images on my side were suffering, but right. Rules and regulations followed forprotection. I think. There is a different atmosphere on this side, stranded, less appealing. I want for nothing than to recede towards what once was.Calm and ready, I progress towards the Wall. Fighting to clamber beyond the glass, the need for water to tremble down my face, to feel again, pushes me towards the boundary. I will step beyond this shield, I will go back. Capturing the moment in the music of mind gives one chance. The soul escaping through the taped up hole, triggers the emotional privation and screams pierce the splintered hearts, wreathed in bandage.Me? Eyeballed by white coats told an odd story. What was happening now? Am I Alive Again? Sightless to the happening, drowsiness mumbled through the watered silence.A familiar hand grasped mine as I felt my eyes flicker back into my body.Dont let go of me. I dont want to go back without you, I was am scared.Within you I lose myself. Without you I find myself wanting to become lost again. I am not leaving now. Im just sleeping. Creative Piece Cheating Death Essay Example Creative Piece Cheating Death Essay Today there was is hope, chance. Beneath the crimsoned, broken pain, insecurities continue to devour the single beating flesh beneath my chest. There it laysthe broken link which withstands the feelings that ache. Withstanding the diminished, breathless air, I fail to understand the absence of being. No longer able to see the hurt in your ardent eyes I feel the want to be with what is lost. Fading into the pasty dark, I have every reason to despise you for letting me go, letting me slip back into unconsciousness.It was thereI remember. I cannot touch it. I used to pass it every day. How could a human forget those sacred words beautifully scrawled across the white paint, in Black-Eternal ink?You are under a curse, for your whole nation has been cheating me. Malachi 3:9Ghosting past this entrance to death, witnessing this beauty asks too many questions. Why does my hand prevent itself from feeling the scratched indents of foretold stories engraved on this Wall?Fear is only in our minds even though it hungers for the naà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ve and shatters every hopeful thought and empties your heart andHere begins the emptiness. I cannot fear more than death. No thoughts allowed, the nature of the mind is restrained to white space. You cannot hide the pure desire for emptiness as the guilty thoughts explore your mind. Wishing to stay awake, for that second longer, I can never reach the switch to rescue life again. A part of me knows, one day, just maybe, one day, I can return to life. Perceiving the world through faded eyes implants the immoral statuses within.Trying to seek the truth beneath your eyes, the breathing flames numb my heart. To see you infected, by this senseless tumour, persisting never to let go. But one day I will be; I thrive to reach beyond all ideology, to end this idiocy; you will, once again, be able to be with me when I return.I found myself glancing to the other side. I had been there, once. Where the unknown normality grows. Loose ends tied in my w orld; I yearn to touch the golden creatures before the emptiness. My perception deceived, you could not cannot see me anymore. The uncontrollable longing to sprint, spreading the clipped wings of time. Go. Run. To where and how? To the past to retrieve the life lost. There was no way out, I had to go back. As they wired my body below I felt surges that helped return, flashing through streams of consciousness, urging, gasping to see you again.Moments controlled the existence of death, inducing life. But in between us was The Wall. What emerges behind The Wall? Clones. Originality. Unfinished, natural life. Controlled, possessive and twisted views, hidden behind the barrier, preventing my return. I cannot look past the glass.Incessantly transgressing that boundary of otherness, there is no true way I can pause my existence much longer, for there is no other reason to stay; it is healthier to live as two, combined, than stand as one, alone. My identity, stolen. The one feature that I c ould call my own was now lost. The disorientation, heightened by the entirely ambiguous ending of life itself. Until. Until what? Until the angel of death evokes the innocence beneath the heavens? Nountil the destiny of life is fulfilled with the seamless understanding of your individual prophecy and rejects any invidious comment that destroys your inner-voice.I cannot find you. The real you, the Truth. Its hiding who you are, deep down there, in that transgression of hope. Through all the lies I desperately seek for the empty teardrops. Deceiving my invidious mind, youre standing there, in front of me. I cannot reach you. So I walked away leaving no-one to hold the mask that causes my exhilaration. Why can you not bring me back? I Am Watching You, Holding My Hand. But They Are Trying To Leave Me Here, On This Side.Grasping your presence helped the restraint of the essence inside me. Walking away did not help beyond the pain, although I left without understanding the true height of tenderness that still manipulates my dreams; dreams in which the pavement shines like silver until reality streaks that true burning nightmare of this strange existence.Nothing deceives me but the lies that you give, the lies that run through the soul of my mind. You dont understand the feelings that you have captured within my every diminishing thought. I want to run further. To release my mind from the burning passion that writhes my veins but the need to stay within a small perimeter of your shadow conjoins me until it is your turn to go, to join me on this side.Honesty lays a lonely word. Rare to be heard, the honesty released the death of images drenched in hate. I cannot distinguish the power beneath the revulsion. There is every reason to crush the pumping vein that injects my corpse with poison. Silent screams repulse my lips, desiring to gasp, to breathe. But what is there reason to? Our shadows no longer stitched, our rose reducing petals. So why is there a constant though t of forgetting everything you are not? Erasing the things you could have been, erasing the tears, scarring my puppeted face. Stringed from rejection, pain and torment puppeteers my broken limbs, the white coats hold me.We were not liars then. I am not a liar now. We both watched the broken yesterday and I longed for tomorrow, together. Always on display, I close my eyes to see past the pain of dark.Today, unable to wake I lay illusive to the shreds of my heart, wounding my expression. It hurts to witness the human echoes, re-lived through the nightmares of my dreams. Bring me past the hurt, the agony of watching the unreachable. Why can you not cross over too?Startled by the dusted gasps of forced air that respond to the crippling need for suffering I believe the shadows that whisper your life and fade mine. What blinds their bright eyes, unseen to the day, with the unthoughtful death of the truth? What reflects mine the envious shade of green? Temptations to end the sickening thou ghts of preventing my life fulfil the emotions of ghostly hauntsUntrue to the world, there are no essential extensions beyond the blank colour of living. NothingnessEmpty. Thus what fact of life presents the immortal eternity of insipid day? The burning wish for the vile expressions to disappear, tortured my thoughts. The containing of these emotions pains the eyes, watching the memories drift by the expressionless seams that reduce the image to shreds. Why does this reckless behaviour pursue beyond the crazed insanities? Why is this episode taking so long, like a deplorable dawn, continuing the revulsion?I cannot seek through this mindless minefield to find the meaning of how I startled you. I have lost you. Through all the unnecessary disputes of hiding this anguish, came the hopelessness. Lost. Damaged by the insufferable healings, the dawn breaks through. Another day, another time. Now will take my life to hold on to the dead ghost you have become. Without the laughing grimaces, there cannot be a strand of a possibility that this will return to ordinariness, unless there is saviour of this democracy.I have fortunately become comfortably numb. Longing for safety, a content, distinguished life creates disturbance since adopting a treacherous, deceived living. There stood a misunderstood portrait glaring, incessantly, back at the shattered reflection illustrating the possessed front diminished by the aching breaths. What I saw, cannot be taken back. What I heard cannot be forgotten. The nauseating pearled eyes scowl at the forgotten side of me. The crystal visionary protected you from my touch. I can see you but I cannot reach you from this side.Here begins a torn moment when I stare at that beautiful, wondering place and see nothinghere begins the fragile moments that scare me the most. Arms outstretched, desperately seeking past the shallow graves to find Someone, Something, Anything. The flames of hesitation smoulder the earth to the hellish nightmare belo wlying here on the floor helps see beyond reality, patiently drowning in regret and hope. From this perspective the sky can be seen, the smoking flamed sky, ruined from the eternal loss of life. Is eternal accurate, or will this transparent life end?Promises abandoned deep from the shrieking cries, everyone leaning on nothing. Left behind the settling dust, lays the small, tight walls, surrounding the echo of quiet sound, the vividly dull poster, strung from one corner, and the light. Bleak and flickering. What thought required me to enter the tortured bricks of crimson? How did my tortured soul end up wishing to live life, if still life, like this dreary spirit?Last hopes suspended, entering the mirrored reflection paved the road to hell, whilst the images on my side were suffering, but right. Rules and regulations followed forprotection. I think. There is a different atmosphere on this side, stranded, less appealing. I want for nothing than to recede towards what once was.Calm and ready, I progress towards the Wall. Fighting to clamber beyond the glass, the need for water to tremble down my face, to feel again, pushes me towards the boundary. I will step beyond this shield, I will go back. Capturing the moment in the music of mind gives one chance. The soul escaping through the taped up hole, triggers the emotional privation and screams pierce the splintered hearts, wreathed in bandage.Me? Eyeballed by white coats told an odd story. What was happening now? Am I Alive Again? Sightless to the happening, drowsiness mumbled through the watered silence.A familiar hand grasped mine as I felt my eyes flicker back into my body.Dont let go of me. I dont want to go back without you, I was am scared.Within you I lose myself. Without you I find myself wanting to become lost again. I am not leaving now. Im just sleeping.

Spell Checker and Grammar Essay

Spell Checker and Grammar Essay Spell Checker and Grammar Essay This tool enables you to correct the most cumbersome mistakes, with a high degree of accuracy and speed, and to improve your written English. When several corrections are possible, you are prompted to choose one of them. There are cases when mistakes are skipped in order to limit the display of warnings or when the suggested corrections are not perfectly adapted to the context. Therefore, we advise you not to rely exclusively on the results delivered by our tool and to review the text yourself after the correction. To improve your English spelling, you can also consult our online grammar module and our conjugator. Do not hesitate to send us your feedback on the results of the spelling and grammar check. This way, you will enable us to improve our service. Contact us if you want to implement a spell-checking tool adapted to your company (for French, English or other languages). If you are looking for a PC product, we recommend Ginger. The concept of an automatic and interactive online spell-checker was created and developed by Reverso-Softissimo in addition to the online translation service. It makes use of the best technologies developed by Ginger Software with an interface, settings and complementary processings specifically devised by Reverso-Softissimo for the Reverso website and the Reverso Intranet products. We offer you several tools that will help you better understand and complete the corrections made to your texts. To use them, simply select a word or group of words from your text and launch the search in the dictionary, the conjugator, or our interactive grammar.Introduction Like the majority of people, you probably learned the basic rules of grammar in school. And like the majority of people you’ve probably forgotten much of what you learned. Where does the comma go, for instance? Is ending your sentences with a preposition really that bad a practice? Are there hard and fast rules for when to use who, that or which? All of these questions, as well as many more, can plague both amateur and professional writers. Our online spelling and grammar checker assists you answering these questions and (hopefully) helps you to gain more confidence in your writing simultaneously. Who Uses a Grammar Checker Student writings, of course, sometimes need the most proofreading. Teachers and instructors often expect student papers to be error-free, so it’s second nature to some of them to do spelling and grammar checks on all their papers. But many others get good use out of these tools: secretaries, job seekers, blog and

International Art Market Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

International Art Market - Essay Example National and local governments have also acknowledged the significance of culture and art in the promotion of policies, as reinforcement to the linkages between the two and in spheres of local development (Galloway and Dunlop 17). Culture and art have taken a center stage in the agendas covered by policy-making, and this is evident from the economic regeneration models adopted by Netherlands, Scotland, Singapore, New Zealand and South Korea among other countries (Galloway and Dunlop 18). Irrespective of the growing interest in cities and their histories, the museums of different cities have received less attention as sources of valid information about the places of multiple eras and shapes. City museums have continued to be viewed as extraneous and unresponsive to the changes taking place within the societies around them, therefore not beneficial to the residents of the city (Filene 14). Taking into account the centrality of contemporary city life, city museums among other art centers, should not only act as tourist and historical centers in the city, but should assume a more central role in contemporary city life (Butler-Bowdon and Hunt 76-77). In the case of Rotterdam, the Museum of Rotterdam has played a key role, over a number of years, towards increasing the role and the importance of the present city. In response to post-modern trends, the museum has done more than positioning the modern city as the central point of its work (Marstine 28). The transnational na ture of the city has become the focal point of the policies developed by the museum, and the workers of the museum have taken up the responsibility of mediating between the works of the museum, the ways in which it presents art and the life of the people in the city. Towards realizing the goal of regenerating the city, the museum trains its curators, enabling them to develop the ability to use fashionable heritage as an important ingredient in creating the future of the

Emerging issues Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Emerging issues - Essay Example als, organizations, businesses, governments, and multilateral institutions throughout the world, including the United Nations General Assembly and UN agencies, build on the Earth Charter, and its values and principles, and working collaboratively to build just, sustainable, and peaceful societies". In other words, the Earth Charter encourages and invites all people globally to affirm their accountability, dependability, and conscientiousness to each other, and create a conducive environment for human survival and for the benefit of the future generations. In attaining this, there are sixteen principles that ought to be met. The first four principles touch on holding the society and all living things in high opinion and reverence. The first principle posits that human beings are necessitated by the charter to hold in high opinion or deference the universe and all living things(Wenden 191). This principles can be achieved through identifying the fact that each and every living thing has a purpose in this universe regardless of its nature. Secondly, human beings are required to show concern of all living things through being appreciative, considerate, kind, and affectionate (Wenden 191). Human beings have dominion over all other living things and earths resources hence its their duty to protect them. Thirdly, the charter requires all people of the universe to create an egalitarian or free society characterized by impartiality, involvement of all individuals, and tranquility. Fourthly, people are required to safeguard or protect availabl e resources in order to benefit them as well as future generations (Wenden 191). Subsequently, the fifth to eighth principles touches on environmental sustainability. The fifth principle is to safeguard and reinstate the veracity of the environment through adopting appropriate systems for sustainable development. The sixth principles according to the Earth Charter Initiative is to "Prevent harm as the best method of environmental

Adolescent girls and depression Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Adolescent girls and depression - Essay Example A research carried out by Blyth, Simmons and Carlton-Ford on the adolescents show that the adolescence period is characterized by intense hormonal influence on the young minded teenagers coupled with a strong urge for self-identity and self-dependence among the adolescents (Blyth et al 109). This often results in the change in their behavior, likes and dislikes as well as emotional vagaries as these teenagers struggle along the long bridge of transition into adulthood. The High school age is characterized by numerous complexities as it marks a period of transition from childhood into adolescence, for the girls, this is often an issue that seeks to define and affect her perceptions and self image. These perceptions go beyond her and also affect those around her including her teenage friends, parents and other adults and require a sound understanding and proper management of one’s self. The teenage high school girl is faced with many challenges during her struggle with the adolescence stage. First is the much workload at school and academic excellence to join best college. This is always the greatest stress causing feeling in the high school adolescents and is the prime cause of heir wanting to withdraw from everyone especially those of their own families in order for them to concentrate fully in shaping their future lives. Baltes in his journal Longitudinal and cross-sectional sequences in the study of age during early adolescence, notes that, alongside all these the teen is also faced with the need to recognize and identify herself with responsibilities in the society as far as her social life is concerned. This is always accompanied with mixed reactions and emotional influences on the young girl. The aspect of moods change and mixed reaction then sets in as the teen girl is unable to fully identify herself amidst the intense struggle (Baltes 163). The need to make strong and mature decisions continuously battle with the

As I Walked Out One Evening | Analysis

As I Walked Out One Evening | Analysis There is a certain level of hesitation that is often experienced when it comes to ones acceptance of time. One may see this uncertainty not only in others but perhaps in his or her own perceptions. There is much speculation surrounding time and what happens when ones time on earth finally reaches its end. The nature of time, in itself, is a scary reality. Not only does time play a very personal role in the lives of all of humanity, but it also plays a prominent part in many of the works included in modern and contemporary poetry. We see the positions of various poets when it comes to the concept of time, whether it be a position of optimism or pessimism. There is one thing that is certain, however; one never knows when his or her time on earth is up. Time is, essentially, all we have. W. H. Audens As I Walked Out One Evening, can be viewed as a prime example of a poem which revolves around the theme of the finite nature of time. A background set to match this exchange between mortality and eternity is the brimming river (5) where the speaker stops to listen to the lovers. The river is used as a metaphor for Time because of the way it flows: it goes on endlessly and goes on even as we do not. No matter what small connection we may make with the water in the flowing river, it keeps flowing past us. No matter how hard we may try we could never stop the river from flowing. Similarly, the bells of the clock tower remind us of the Time that is passingthe time that will not stop for us: The underlying theme of Time is the cycle of life or perhaps the rotation of the seasons. The speaker may already be thinking about the passing seasons of his own life when the crowds remind him of harvest wheat. Auden portrays the wheat in terms of time: fall is frequently used as a metaphor for old age. It is the final stage of the life cycle; the flowers have blossomed and the cold winter is on its way. Here the speaker sees the crowd and is perhaps reminded of the cycle we all experience as we head towards our elder years. Even the young lovers will grow pale with old age, just as into many a green valley / Drifts the appalling snow (33-34). There is tragedy that lies in beauty and youth; neither of them last and eventually we grow old and disintegrate. Auden metaphorically portrays Time in terms that are almost disturbing, as it dwells in the burrows of the nightmare (25) and watch the lovers from the shadows. It pauses just until they are about to complete their love with a kiss before it coughs and interrupts with its opposition. The same church bells that chime the hour also ring for the dead and on this night near the river both bells have the same sounds. The speaker, as he walks along the river down Bristol Street, may have found himself further down that lane than he anticipates, as he ends up somewhere between the lovers and all the clocks in the city (21). Standing there as the bells ring, he loses track of time, hearing a complete song in reply to the lovers singing. He soon realizes how much time has passed: It was late, late in the evening, / The lovers they were gone (61-62). Here, we see the speaker as he spends his time observing others. In the process, he never gets to experience his own life, on his own time. As so on as he knows it, a great deal of time has passed; so much in fact, that the lovers have gone away-indicating that they have used up their own mortal time on earth and the speaker has wasted a great deal of his own time through his relentless observation of them. The poem incorporates two different ideas conveyed by the songs. Auden ultimately invites us to evaluate the viewpoints of the lover and the clocks that are clearly at odds with one another. The lover argues that love is everlasting and eternally young while the clocks assert that all of life, including love, is subject to time and decay. Although Auden does not want o deny the lovers optimism, he ultimately gives more acknowledgment to the clocks practical outlook. The clocks song is less emotional and more detached than the lovers. They whirr and chime and dispute that time is more powerful than anything human, even love: Time watches from the shadow / And coughs when you would kiss (27-28). Time is a silent and inevitable force that disrupts even the most joyous of moments and can replace a kiss that brings people closer, with a cough that pushes them apart. The clocks uphold that Time is the triumphant force since it is a race that can never be won by humanity and there are never any exceptions to its limits nor are there any survivors of its boundaries. As the clocks describe it, In headaches and in worry / Vaguely life leaks away (29-30). The clocks go on and we see that time not only presents trivial worries such as headaches, but it also carries greater dangers: The glacier knocks in the cupboard, / The desert sighs in the bed, / And the crack in the tea-cup opens / A lane to the land of the dead. The items mentioned are all objects foun d in ones home. The greater powers of the external world can infiltrate even such personal places as the ones we call home. Even death, perhaps the greatest threat of all, can make its way into this domestic place. The cracked tea-cup represents the effects of time. It is evidence that things diminish as time goes by and it illustrates the human condition. We are, essentially, born to die because Time is bound to take its course. Auden personifies the clocks by giving them the ability to speak. In reality, these clocks do not have the capacity for human language. The clocks argument, like the lovers, may well be taking place inside the poets head. The poet is thinking about the nature of human life, and in the clocks song there are several references to vision as well as literal reflections. In one of the clocks songs, the clocks urge: O look, look in the mirror, O look in your distress; Life remains a blessing Although you cannot bless. (49-52). Here, the mirror portrays an image of sorrow while the downbeat voice of the stanza is fit by the statement that Life remains a blessing (52). Nonetheless, the clocks make it clear that humans are not capable of valuing the joys of life and give one final order: You shall love your crooked neighbour /With your crooked heart (55-56). The clocks song cuts the lovers optimism and certainty short. Auden gives the clocks three times as many stanzas as the lover to state their ideas about life, love, and time. This imbalance, along with the fact that the clocks get the last word in the discussion, demonstrates that their viewpoint is the prevailing one. The clocks do not, however, get the last word in the poem. In the final stanza, the speaker is finished quoting them and returns to speak in his own voice. Many hours have passed since the start of the poem. The crowds, along with the lovers, are gone. The sounds of clocks have stopped and the poem concludes the deep river ran on (60) This line hints towards hopefulness as it may indicate that the cycle presented in the poem will recur and that lovers as well as those who believe in love, will again sing of their hopes and passions, despite the dire assertions of clocks and other reminders of the reality of time. On the contrary, the concluding line may be disparaging-the river seems to be symbolic of times unyielding onward motion. The river appears to have little concern for the human world and is unchanged by joy and grief. In spite of the inevitability of human fate, nature and time will continue to move forward with or without us, as it has done for countless years. Auden seems to advance the clocks message over the lovers perhaps becau se he cannot refute the fact that love is stifled by the complexities and boundaries of life. On the other hand, poetry, unlike love or the life spans of human beings, has the potential to forwardly and eternally progress. As I Walked Out One Evening and other poems must end, however, poetry as a figure of human accomplishment, has the chance to live on.

Free Mending Wall Essays: The Two Walls :: Mending Wall Essays

The Two Walls in Mending Wall   Ã‚   It is arguable that the self-righteous speaker of "Mending Wall" is himself obsessively committed to wall building, far more intractably and instinctively committed than his clichà ©-bound neighbor. While the speaker of "Mending Wall" justifiably castigates his unthinking neighbor and is himself far more aware of the powers of language for good and for ill, he is nonetheless caught up, ironically perhaps, in the same actual task, wall building, which will have the same results and look no different from his neighbor's contribution despite the narrative he brings to it. There are several possibilities for irony here, depending on the level of Frost's self-awareness. Wall imagery pervades his poetry, as a conscious poetic image and as a psychosexual marker of control and limitation. That the speaker is the one who calls the neighbor to mend the wall is vitally important, then, but it is not clear that Frost meant for the speaker to be ironically perceived as a hypocrite. The simple explanation, that the speaker acts out of a sense of inevitability, knowing his neighbor's habits, seems hardly enough given the contextual symbolism of the wall in Frost's poetry; the psychological explanation attendant upon this version might suggest that Frost's conscious intent was subverted by his own unconscious need for walls. So while Frost might not mean the speaker to be self-parodic, the reader might judge that there is an ironic discrepancy between what is said and what is meant, both by the speaker and by the poet. On a deeper level even than this is the possibility that Frost was aware of, had taken account of and justified, his own need for barriers. One does, after all, need something against which to push. In this case, the poem might be completely unironic, for while both men are engaged in the same task, each brings a different narrative to it, the one limited to a thoughtless clichJ , the other enriched philosophically.

Physiological Aids in sport Essay

Physiological aids are banned substances and methods that athletes use within competition and training to improve their performance. Physiological aids are used in sport as they help an athlete’s performance. Some aids help to increase heart rate, adrenaline rate and stimulate the body but other aids lower the heart rate and change the growth of muscles and bones. Sport is suppose to help us learn from defeat and victory, encourage us to participate in team sports, encourage a spirit of co-operation, and interdependence, and mainly encouraging moral and social values. It also means that an individual person can lead a healthy lifestyle while performing and also helping the individual to bring about a healthy, integrated society. There are many influences on drug use, the media, the money their performance can bring in, the sponsorship and many other critical factors in an athlete’s career. There can be no justification for athletes to cheat in order to win or that the pressures and temptations are all the same for the athletes. Most athletes turn to drugs because of pressure, it all comes down to pressure really but some feel greed and wealth. The main reasons are usually:  ·Winning can bring millions of dollars in sponsorship and endorsement;  ·Society places great emphasis on success in sport, which puts more pressure on an athlete to win;  ·Some banned drugs can speed recovery from injury, which means athletes can be back training, competing and winning more quickly;  ·Some athletes believe their competitors are using drugs and that to be competitive, they need to take drugs as well;  ·Some athletes’ desire to win is so great that they are willing to use any means, including cheating to gain success;  ·Some coaches may push drug use to enhance their athlete’s chances of winning, which boosts their profile as a successful coach. Prohibited physiological aids Anabolic agents- there are two types of these agents- there is anabolic androgenic steroids and beta -2 agonists. Anabolic androgenic steroids are substances that contain anabolic and androgenic properties. The anabolic properties help to increase the growth of the muscles and bones. The androgenic properties help the male’s reproductive system, helping to release more testosterone. Anabolic steroids are used to increase the strength of an athlete and also their muscle size, they also help to decrease the time the body takes to recover after exercise. So because of this the athletes train harder and for longer the extra training gives them an advantage over other athletes. This drug can cause many physical problems like heart problems, liver damage, jaundice, euphoria and there are also mental effects like mood swings, improved self esteem, depression and aggression. Male athletes can suffer from effects like baldness, the development of breast tissue and even infertility. Female athletes can suffer from effects like menstrual problems, foetal damage, clitoral enlargement, increased facial and body hair and also a permanent deepening off the voice. They can be detected by using gas chromatography in an athlete’s urine. Beta -2 agonists are normally used medically to treat asthma, therefore when they are taken they can increase lean muscle mass and also help to reduce body fat. The side effects of beta -2 agonists are dizziness, muscle cramps, headaches, palpitations and some nausea. Beta -2 can also be detected through the urine. This drug is one of many that are banned but in some forms this drug can be taken but only for medical reasons and that will not give unfair advantages to the performer. Diuretics This type of drug helps an athlete with a certain weight category in sport, it helps the body to produce more urine so the body weight can drop significantly so they fall into a certain category. Such sports like judo, horse racing, and weightlifting, when these drugs are taken give the athlete an unfair chance of beating their competitor(s). These also help an athlete to reduce the chances of detection of other drugs by diluting their urine. The main side effect of diuretics is dehydration but they can also cause headaches and dizziness and a loss in coordination or balance. This drug is also detected within the urine. Before, during and after exercise, it is essential that sportsmen and women take in a considerable amount of fluid, this is because dehydration can occur resulting in other side effects and also excessive loss of water effects the heart and kidneys, they could fail which mean this could be fatal to the athlete. Narcotics Narcotics help an athlete to push himself harder and further because his pain threshold is bigger, it helps him to continue exercising/ competing even when injury has occurred. Narcotics have similar effects to heroin or morphine. Narcotics are strong painkillers and they are usually competitors are tested for them when they compete. Many narcotics are illegal substances and not just in sport, these drugs are potentially addictive. Side effects from these drugs can seriously put an athletes performance in jeopardy because if the athlete continues to exercise, whilst injured it can cause further injury, even though narcotics stop the pain once they wear off the pain will be worse, like all other drugs they also cause loss of balance, lack of concentration, nausea and even vomiting, constipation and breathing/ respiratory problems. These drugs can become addictive. Detection of these drugs is also through the urine by gas chromatography. Peptide hormones There are many different substances within this class of drugs: Chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) Pituitary and synthetic gonadotrophin (LH) Corticotrophins (ACTH, tetracosactide) Growth Hormone (hGH) Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF-1) Erythropoietin (EPO) Insulin Chorionic gonadotrophin Chorionic gonadotrophin is a drug that when in a males body can help produce testosterone at a much faster rate, it is mainly used to overcome effects of testicular damage and sometimes it is also used as a masking agent. This drug is normally produced during a pregnancy and increases natural male and female steroids. This drug can cause many side effects just like the effects of most other anabolic steroids but this can also cause gynaecomastia. Immunoessay is the only way to detect this drug and this drug is only prohibited in men. Pituitary and synthetic gonadotrophin The pituitary gland produces pituitary hormones, and the hormones released consist of many different types, including the leutinising hormone. Hormones act as messages from one organ to another, these hormones stimulate growth, a person’s sex drive, pain threshold and a person’s behaviour. The leutinising hormone stimulates the male’s testis or the female’s ovaries. If used in a male this drug (also like hCG) helps to stimulate the production  of testosterone, if used in a female this drug stimulates the ovaries. The synthetic gonadotrophin helps the body to regulate gonadotrophin production or use. This drug has no real side effect it depends on the drug used. An immunoessay test is the only way of detecting this drug as well, this is done through the urine. Both of these drugs are only prohibited in males. Corticotrophin Corticotrophin is a drug that helps to increase the levels of endogenous corticosteroids (cortisone) in the blood. This drug is normally used as an anti-inflammatory drug. This drug has many side effects both long and short term ones. The short-term side effects are ulcers of the stomach or stomach irritation and even psychological effects like irritability. The long-term effects of this drug are weakening of muscles and connective tissues of area of injured muscle, tendon or n ligament and even osteoporosis or cataracts. Corticosteroids, are drugs that are used for therapy or treatment of injuries, there usage is legal but only for these purposes. Blood doping Blood doping is a way an athlete removes blood from their bodies. An athlete will do this about a week or two prior to competition, and then they will replace it just before the competition. After the blood is taken the body has to replace the missing blood, the athlete will then replace the blood they have taken from their own body resulting in the body having additional blood. The additional blood results in additional haemoglobin and therefore a greater ability for oxygen uptake. Many things can go wrong with this method, un-sterile needles can be used, the blood is not stored correctly or another person’s blood can be accidentally used. Athletes can receive AIDS/HIV hepatitis and many other diseases. If their blood is not stored right then that can have major effects on the body and if the blood used is different to their blood group the body will reject this blood causing more problems in the body. Growth Hormone (hGH) The growth hormone is a hormone that is also released from the pituitary gland and is necessary for the growth of bones and muscles and also for the growth of children. The growth hormone is used by athletes to increase their muscle mass size and also their strength. This drug can cause the overgrowth of body parts such as hands, feet, the face and it can also cause soft tissue swelling and increased sweating. The most fatal effect of this drug is it causes heart disease. Insulin- like Growth Factor (IGF-1) This type of drug is often used to increase protein synthesis and reduce muscle cell breakdown in the body. When the muscle cell breakdown occurs it leads to an increase in muscle bulk and helps to reduce body fat. This drug also occurs naturally from a mother’s milk. The side effects of IGF-1 are headaches, joint pains, and enlargement of internal organs, changes in musculoskeletal shape and size e.g. enlargement of the jaw, hypoglycaemia (which is low sugar in the body) and also acromegaly (which is the overgrowth of certain organs like the feet, face and hands). Muscles also become stronger from this drug but taking this drug also results in the muscles getting weaker because of degenerative changes in the joints. Erythropoietin (rhEPO) Erythropoietin is a drug that helps to increase the production of red blood cells in the body. When the red blood cell amount increases the amount of oxygen able to be carried around the body increases meaning the muscles gain more oxygen, this helps the athlete’s performance. When the drug increases the production of red blood cells it also increases the risk of the blood clotting because it is thicker. This is very dangerous for athlete’s that perform endurance events because their blood is much thicker due to dehydration. Insulin This drug is normally used to treat diabetes; it increases the amount of  sugar in the body and also increases the metabolism of foods. If this drug is used alongside other drugs like anabolic steroids and clenbuterol it can increase muscle growth and increase muscle definition. But these drugs used together can cause severe side effects and even death. Insulin can also cause hypoglycaemia, this causes shaking of the body, drowsiness, increases in respiratory rate, weakness, it can also cause the body to be comatose, it can cause brain damage and can also cause death. Stimulants Stimulants are usually only tested for in competition circumstances, but in some causes the drug can be tested for in other sports. Stimulants consist of substances such as amphetamines, caffeine (prohibited in large concentrations) and a number of the active ingredients in cold and flu preparations (i.e. pseudoephedrine). The side effects of stimulants include an increased heartbeat and can have an impact on the body’s natural ability to regulate its temperature. Stimulants are used to reduce tiredness, increase their alertness and arousal levels and also to boost their confidence. Sports such as endurance, fast moving sports and contact sports are the main events in which this type of drug is used. Stimulants can cause many risks to the body, it can cause possible collapse and even death, it increases the blood pressure, and makes the athlete dehydrated and can cause hypothermia. The athlete can also become dependant on this drug, appetite can be lost and the person can also become very anxious and aggressive.

Cosmos Episode 13 Viewing Worksheet

Cosmos Episode 13 Viewing Worksheet As a teacher, I am always on the lookout for great science videos to show my classes. I use these either as a supplement to help enhance a topic we are learning or sometimes as a reward for the students on a movie day. They also come in handy when I have to plan for a substitute teacher to take over my classes for a day. It isnt always easy to find something relevant, educational, and entertaining. Thankfully, Fox brought back the Cosmos series and updated it using the awesome Neil deGrasse Tyson as host. I now have a whole series of outstanding science shows to show the students. However, I need to make sure the students understand and absorb the material. Below is a set of questions for Cosmos Episode 13, entitled Unafraid of the Dark,  that can be copy and pasted (and then tweaked as necessary) into a worksheet. It can be used as a note taking guide while watching the show, or afterward as a type of quiz or informal assessment.   Cosmos Worksheet Sample   Cosmos Episode 13 Worksheet  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Name:______________   Directions: Answer the questions as you watch episode 13 of Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey   1.  Who is the city of Alexandria in Egypt named after? 2.  Why were all ships that landed in the port at Alexandria searched? 3. What are 2 things Neil deGrasse Tyson says that the librarian Eratosthenes did during his lifetime? 4. How many scrolls were estimated to be kept in the library at Alexandria?   5. What three continents were on the very first globe?   6. What did Victor Hess discover was in the air when he did his series of experiments in his hot air balloon?   7. How did Victor Hess determine radiation in the air was not coming from the Sun?   8. Where did the cosmic rays really come from? 9. Who does Neil deGrasse Tyson call â€Å"the most brilliant man you’ve never heard of†?   10. What is a supernova?   11. What were the â€Å"shrunken stars† called?   12. What does Neil deGrasse Tyson say is what he loves most about science? 13. What did Fritz Zwicky find odd about the Coma Cluster of galaxies? 14. Why does Mercury travel much faster than Neptune? 15. What unusual thing did Vera Rubin discover about the Andromeda Galaxy? 16. Why can you not tell how close a supernova is based on its brightness alone? 17. What are the kinds of supernovas that have a constant brightness called?   18. What did astronomers discover about the universe in 1998? 19. What year were Voyagers I and II launched? 20. What is Jupiter’s red spot?   21. Which of Jupiter’s moons has more water (trapped under ice) than Earth?   22. How fast are the winds on Neptune? 23. What is shot out of the geysers on Neptune’s moon Titan?   24. What happens to the heliosphere when the solar wind calms down? 25. When was the last time the heliosphere collapsed all the way back to the Earth? 26. How did scientists determine the age of the iron left on the Earth’s ocean floor by a supernova? 27. What does Neil deGrasse Tyson call the â€Å"common unit of time† that is indicated on the Voyagers I and II that will be used to communicate with extraterrestrials? 28. What are three things included on the record put on Voyagers I and II?   29. What supercontinent made up all the land on Earth a billion years ago?   30. What planet did Neil deGrasse Tyson say the Earth probably looked like a billion years ago?   31. What would the colonial organisms in the world ocean soon evolve into on Earth a billion years ago? 32. How many orbits around the center of our galaxy will the Sun have made one billion years in the future? 33. What does Carl Sagan call the Earth when it is viewed from space? 34. What are the 5 simple rules that Neil deGrasse Tyson says all great researchers take to heart? 35. How has science been misused?

Free Essays on Neolithic

In some regions, farming arose through native developments, and in others it spread from other areas. It allowed more permanent settlements, the accumulation of surpluses and wealth, much larger and denser populations, the development of more profound status and rank differences within populations, and the rise of specialized crafts. Neolithic tool-making shows a great deal of technological advances from the Mesolithic. Neolithic industries often include blade technologies and a wide range of retouched tools, including endscrapers (narrower scrapers for working hides), backed blades, and a wide range of projectile points. Other technological developments in the Neolithic include grinding stones, such as mortars and pestles, for the processing of cereal foods, the widespread use of pottery for surplus food storage and cooking, the construction of granaries for storage of grains, the use of domesticated plant fibers for textiles, and weaving technology. The domestication of plants and animals led to an astonishing social change during the Neolithic. Some Neolithic graves contain rich stores of goods or exotic materials, revealing differentiations in terms of wealth, rank, or power. In certain areas, especially parts of the Near East and Western Europe, Neolithic peoples erected massive ceremonial complexes, efforts that would have required extensive, dedicated work forces. Large earthworks and giant stone monuments from the Neolithic suggest more highly organized political structures and more complex social organization than among most hunter-gatherer populations. In most cases, men hunted for food, while women would gather it. Women may be the reason why the Neolithic cultures began to farm. It is said that women planted the first seed of Neolithic agriculture. Pottery and textile fabrication were tasks often performed by women. Later, women in Neolithic societies became basic housewives, they would cook, clean, birth a... Free Essays on Neolithic Free Essays on Neolithic In some regions, farming arose through native developments, and in others it spread from other areas. It allowed more permanent settlements, the accumulation of surpluses and wealth, much larger and denser populations, the development of more profound status and rank differences within populations, and the rise of specialized crafts. Neolithic tool-making shows a great deal of technological advances from the Mesolithic. Neolithic industries often include blade technologies and a wide range of retouched tools, including endscrapers (narrower scrapers for working hides), backed blades, and a wide range of projectile points. Other technological developments in the Neolithic include grinding stones, such as mortars and pestles, for the processing of cereal foods, the widespread use of pottery for surplus food storage and cooking, the construction of granaries for storage of grains, the use of domesticated plant fibers for textiles, and weaving technology. The domestication of plants and animals led to an astonishing social change during the Neolithic. Some Neolithic graves contain rich stores of goods or exotic materials, revealing differentiations in terms of wealth, rank, or power. In certain areas, especially parts of the Near East and Western Europe, Neolithic peoples erected massive ceremonial complexes, efforts that would have required extensive, dedicated work forces. Large earthworks and giant stone monuments from the Neolithic suggest more highly organized political structures and more complex social organization than among most hunter-gatherer populations. In most cases, men hunted for food, while women would gather it. Women may be the reason why the Neolithic cultures began to farm. It is said that women planted the first seed of Neolithic agriculture. Pottery and textile fabrication were tasks often performed by women. Later, women in Neolithic societies became basic housewives, they would cook, clean, birth a...

U.S. Monetary Policy and International Implications Essay

U.S. Monetary Policy and International Implications - Essay Example e economy is growing seems insufficient to initiate and sustain considerably large up-gradation in the current job market, the FOMC has decided to take measures and modify its financial policies to bring significant changes in the employment levels. The rate of unemployment has been recorded at a high 7.8 percent in 2012, which is much higher than the projections made by analysts as the normal level of unemployment in the long run (Bernanke). There is a large level of slack in resources in the U.S. and it is being persistently maintained with high margins. This supports the restrained rates of inflation in the U.S. although there are short term fluctuations in prices of goods and services in the economy. Consumer price inflation at present shows lower than the expected level that is required to achieve the long run objective of 2 percent as set by the Federal Reserve (Press Release). Federal Reserve's Recent Policy Actions The monetary policy strategies of the Federal Reserve are ste ered by the dual mandate of promoting maximum level of employment and achieving stability in prices (Mayer 184). With the inadequate progress found in the US job markets coupled with subdued inflationary pressures, the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) has taken certain important actions in 2012 with the aim of providing â€Å"additional policy accommodation† (Bernanke). In September of 2012 information collected from reliable sources continued to let out weak signals regarding labor markets. There were also no sign of noteworthy inflation pressures. This induced the FOMC to take additional steps for making provisions of policy accommodation. The span of time over which the FOMC has kept its expectations â€Å"to maintain exceptionally low levels of the federal funds rate† (Bernanke) has... This essay stresses that while the asset purchase program of the FOMC is aimed at increasing employment levels and improve job market conditions along with stabilizing the price of commodities in the U.S. economy, this policy action also has certain significant negative impacts. In my opinion, although the quantitative easing puts a positive influence on the economic performance of the country, the government has to increase subsidy on labor wages and increase demand for labor by the producers. An increase in wages would improve demand conditions in the economy which would increase productivity levels. While improving demand conditions in the economy, this process would take care of the problem of excess liquidity in the economy. This paper makes a conclusion that mixed views have been provided in the debate revolving around the asset purchasing by the FOMC. In terms of efficiency of the quantitative easing program, most of the members of the Committee have agreed that this policy creates a meaningful result by easing financial circumstances thereby accelerating the process of economic growth. According to these observers, less credit constraints and lower rates of interest would increase investment by investors. On the other hand, some members of the Committee consider this policy as having a diminishing impact on the economic condition of the country. This is because quantitative easing lessens the financial stress in the short term, but, no consensus has yet been reached with regard to the long term effects of the assets purchasing policy.

Has the improved explosive device impacted our ability to develop a Essay

Has the improved explosive device impacted our ability to develop a reasonably priced tactical vehicle - Essay Example The aim of selecting these sites is for them to explode underneath or beside a vehicle causing maximum damage2. The improvement of the vehicle armor on the military vehicle has made the insurgents to place IEDs on raised positions like utility poles, road signs or trees so as to be able to hit the less protected areas. In Afghanistan, it was reported by military experts in January 2010 that Taliban fighters had already developed a new, almost undetectable generation of the IEDs. This new generation has no metallic or electronic parts compared to the previous IEDs that were triggered by two blades of hack-saw separated by a spacer. The most recent and lethal means of exploding the IEDs is the trigger mechanism which incorporates either the use of the radio, cell phone, is victim-operated or infrared device which makes it difficult to detect or disarm them. Impacts of Improved Explosive Devices (IEDs) in Iraq and Afghanistan on US Army’s Ability to Develop a Reasonably Priced Ta ctical Vehicle Due to the new inventions and improvements in the use of IEDs, law enforcement and military forces personnel have come up with several RSP (render safe procedures) to curb the threat of IEDs. These RSP may be developed from direct experience with the devices or research applied which is designed to counter the threat. Among countermeasures put in place include the application of the underbelly armor applique’ on the EFV (Expeditionary Fighting Vehicle) as it comes ashore and before their encounter with the IEDs following the June 2007 letter from the Subcommittee of House Armed Services on Expeditionary Forces and Sea Power to the marine corps commandant3. The January and February 2010 tests at the centre of Aberdeen showed that the EFV offers protection on blast equal to 2nd category protected vehicle of the mine resistant ambush, including two IEDs which are simulated on its tracks and under its belly4. Improved explosive devices (IEDs) in Iraq and Afghanista n have also impacted the US army’s ability to develop a reasonably priced tactical vehicle. This is because it has since helped in the development of improvised vehicle armor. This is an armor that is added or centrally planned in the field, which was originally part of the design. In the recent US-Iraq and US-Afghanistan wars, US troops armored their Humvees in their war against Iraq. Their transport vehicles were also armored with scrap materials. The Americans came to know this as â€Å"hillbilly armor or hajji armor† when Iraqi contractors installed it5. In Afghanistan, the US troops lined their vehicles’ floor with sandbags to provide them with extra protection against improvised explosive devices. Sometimes, US tanks had tracks of spare strips welded on the hulls6. However, this was to provide them short lived protection, as the Iraqis and Afghanistan’s learnt about it and devised the devices in a way that they could destroy them by use of new trigg er mechanisms. This was a loss to the US army because despite the investment, the impact was not to last for long, and they had to find another means of dealing with the trigger mechanism. When Baghdad was captured by US troops, vehicles of military police were fully installed with required machinery. However, road side bombs, snipers, RPG teams and small alarms were deployed by insurgent forces to attack US military vehicles on known routes and supply conveys. American troops protected themselves from such threats by

A Self-Sustained Enclosed Ecosystem in a Jar Lab Report

A Self-Sustained Enclosed Ecosystem in a Jar - Lab Report Example An ecosystem can be describe as the dynamic biological environment that consist of living things in a specific region, abiotic , and environment physical components that interact with the organisms such as sunlight, air (oxygen and carbon dioxide), water, and soil (Hutchinson, 2005). Every ecosystem requires the three basic components that include producers, consumers, and decomposers. The three categories of ecosystem include freshwater, terrestrial, and oceanic ecosystems (Adams, 2001, pp. 33-44). Generally, the ecosystems are divided into main categories that are aquatic (freshwater and ocean) and terrestrial. However, the report focuses on the aquatic ecosystem. The system that the project created was an aquatic ecosystem (freshwater) that was supposed to meet the specific environmental factors to support the living organisms internally (self-sustaining and supporting). Aquatic ecosystems are defined as the ecosystems that are dependent on fresh water, which include rivers, estuaries, wetlands, and streams (Barbee, n.d.). According to Ecology Society of America, the aquatic systems shelter various organisms that are dependent on them. Aquatic systems factors are categorized into abiotic factors and biotic factors. Abiotic factors refer to the non-living components in an ecosystem that have a direct influence on the living organisms community. On the other hand, biotic factors refer to the diversified species that occupy an ecosystem where every specie action can affect the lives of other species in the region. In the aquatic system, the interactions of organisms are based on aquatic environment (Baron & Poff, 2010, p. 7). Consequently, the understanding of aquatic component such as the balance of oxygen in the water, pH, and light contributes to the creation of a successful self-sustained aquatic system. Shrimps in aquatic systems have a substantial effect on other living organisms in a similar ecosystem. The pH of about 6.5-8.0 and balanced oxygen is suitable for maintaining freshwater ecosystem (Bunn & Arthington, 2002, pp. 492--507). Remarkably, a main manner that living organisms affect each other is consumption. As a result, a food web develops among living organisms living in a same aquatic ecosystem (Sala, 2000). Aims and hypothesi s Aims The aim of the experiment was to create a self-sustaining freshwater ecosyste m. The experiment was focused in introducing the student on how to utilize the available resources in correct amounts to create a

Why ITT Tech students should not use this site Essay Example for Free

Why ITT Tech students should not use this site Essay If you are a student of ITT Tech and use this site I suggest that you read the plagiarism clause in your student handbooks. I am a adjunct professor at the school and use this site to catch my students teaching. By you using this site you are cheating yourself and risking failure / expulsion from the school. Any student who engages on or off the school’s premises in any of the following types of misconduct will be subject to discipline by the school, which may include, without limitation, the suspension and/or termination from one or more courses the student is taking or the student’s entire program of study at the school and the referral to the proper authorities. Any student who, prior to his or her enrollment at the school, has engaged in any of the following types of misconduct may be subject to discipline by the school, which may include, without limitation, the student’s suspension and/or termination from one or more courses the student is taking or the student’s entire program of study at the school. Section D: honesty, including, without limitation, provision of false information, alte ration or misuse of documents, plagiarism and other academic cheating, impersonation, misrepresentation or fraud.